Imikhiqizo yethu eyinhloko: i-amino silicone, i-block silicone, i-silicone ye-hydrophilic, yonke i-silicone emulsion yayo, isithuthukisi sokuxubha ukumanzisa, isixosha amanzi (i-Fluorine free, i-Carbon 6, i-Carbon 8), amakhemikhali okugeza ama-demin (ABS, i-Enzyme, isivikeli se-Spandex, isikhiphi se-Manganese) , Amazwe angaphandle angaphandle: India, Pakistanrk, Bangladesh, Türkiyestan, Türkiyestan

 

Ukusebenza Kwemboni Ye-Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Salt Surfactants

I-Gemini quaternary ammonium salt surfactants, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cationic Gemini surfactants, iwuhlobo olusha lwe-surfactant oluxhuma ama-surfactants amabili noma ngaphezulu weketango elilodwa elilodwa ngokusebenzisa amaqembu axhumanisayo. Isakhiwo esikhethekile samangqamuzana e-N-terminal esiphindwe kabili se-Gemini quaternary ammonium salt surfactants sibanikeza izici eziyingqayizivele ze-physicochemical. Uma kuqhathaniswa nosawoti we-quaternary ammonium we-single chain wendabuko, anomsebenzi ophakeme we-surface/interface, izakhiwo ezilwa namagciwane kanye ne-bactericidal, kanye nokuziphatha okuyingqayizivele kwe-rheological, kanye nokumanzisa okuhle kanye nekhono eliqinile lokumisa i-emulsifying.

Ama-surfactants kasawoti e-Gemini quaternary ammonium njengamanje anenani elikhulu lokusetshenziswa futhi athole ukunakwa okusabalele emikhakheni efana nokuvala inzalo nokubulala amagciwane, izinkundla zikawoyela, ukuvimbela ukubola kwensimbi, ukuphrinta kwendwangu nokudaya, ukulahlwa kwendle, nezinto ezintsha.

 

Isicelo emkhakheni wokuvala inzalo nokubulala amagciwane

Ngenxa yokuba khona kwamaqembu amabili e-hydrophilic afakwe kahle kanye namaketanga amabili e-hydrophobic kuma-molecule e-Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Salt Surfactant, inamandla anamandla okubulala amagciwane uma kuqhathaniswa nosawoti we-quaternary ammonium wechungechunge olulodwa (1231 no-1227), kanye nobuthi obuphansi, ukuncibilika kwamanzi okubanzi, kanye nokuncibilika okuhle kwamanzi.
Izindawo zokufaka isicelo: ① Inenani elikhulu lohlelo lokusebenza ekuvaleni inzalo nasekunqandeni ukubola kwemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu, izimonyo, nemboni yephepha; ② Ingasetshenziswa njengesibulala-magciwane esisebenzayo sokupholisa izimboni amanzi ajikelezayo, ukunciphisa ukuvaleka kwamapayipi kanye nokugqwala kwemishini; ③ Njengokuthatha indawo ye-corrosion inhibitors (1227) ekubuyiseni uwoyela emazingeni aphezulu ezindaweni zikawoyela, yehlisa ukugqwala kwamagciwane (afana ne-sulfate reduction bacteria, iron bacteria, and saprophytic bacteria) kumapayipi kawoyela futhi ixazulula inkinga yokumelana namagciwane.

Indlela yokuvala inzalo nokubulala amagciwane ye-Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Salt Surfactants: ① Ama-Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Salt Surfactants anamaketango amabili e-hydrophobic esakhiweni sawo samangqamuzana, enza kube lula ukuthi amaqembu abo e-hydrophobic angene ongqimbeni lwe-lipid lwamaseli ebhaktheriya, kanye namaqenjana awo e-hydrophilic abe yi-protein encibilikayo, eholela ekungeneni kwe-protein; ② Isakhiwo samangqamuzana siqukethe amaqembu amabili e-N-terminal, futhi ngaphansi kokungeniswa, ukuminyana kwezindleko ezinhle zeqembu lekhanda likasawoti le-dicycloquaternary ammonium liyakhuphuka, okwenza kube lula ngama-surfactants ukuthi adsorbe endaweni yamagciwane, kushintshe ukungeneka kwezindonga zamaseli ebhaktheriya futhi kubangele ukuthi aqhume, kufinyelele umphumela wokubulala amagciwane.

 

Isicelo ekubuyiseleni uwoyela esikhungweni semfundo ephakeme

Isetshenziswa njengoketshezi oluhlanzekile lwe-fracturing ezindaweni zikawoyela

I-Fracturing fluid iwuketshezi olusebenzayo olusetshenziselwa ukuqhekeka nokuguqula amachibi kawoyela negesi. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukudlulisa ukucindezela okuphezulu kusuka phezulu kuya ekubunjweni ukwenza ama-fractures kanye nama-propants okuthutha. Ama-ejenti avamile wokuphuka njenge-guar gum ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose angashiya izinsalela ekwaphukeni okungalimaza ukwakheka, okuholela ekuncipheni kokungena kanye nokukhiqiza. Ama-surfactants kasawoti e-Gemini quaternary ammonium anethuba elihle lokusetshenziswa ku-viscoelastic surfactant fracturing fluids (VES) ngenxa yezakhiwo zabo ezihlukile ze-rheological kanye nomonakalo omncane.

Ukucindezeleka kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwanda komjovo emithonjeni yokujova amanzi

Ngemuva komjovo wamanzi isikhathi eside, ukucindezelwa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemithombo yokujova amanzi kungaholela ekuvinjweni okukhulu kwe-reservoir ngenxa yomphumela wokumelana noketshezi, umonakalo wokukhiya amanzi, ukufuduka kobumba, ukukala kokubunjwa, nokukhula okukhulu kwamagciwane. Le nkinga igqame kakhulu endaweni eseduze ne-wellbore, okuholela ekucindezelekeni okuphezulu komjovo wamanzi kanye nevolumu yomjovo wamanzi eyanele.

Ukucindezelwa kwamakhemikhali nokuthuthukisa umjovo ikakhulukazi kuhilela ukujova ukudangala kanye nama-ejenti okuthuthukisa umjovo aqukethe usawoti we-quaternary ammonium emithonjeni yamanzi ukuze kuncishiswe ukungezwani phakathi kobuso bamanzi nowoyela, ukunciphisa umphumela we-Jamin, nokwandisa amandla okugeleza kukawoyela; Ukushintsha ukumanzisa kwendawo yedwala ukwenza ichibi libe ne-hydrophilic futhi lisebenzise amandla e-capillary; Vimbela ukuvuvukala kobumba futhi unciphise umonakalo ekubunjweni; Vimbela ukukhula kwama-microorganisms futhi unciphise ukulimala emgodini kanye nokwakheka; Thuthukisa ukungeneka kwamanzi ajovwe ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo wokunciphisa ingcindezi nokwandisa umjovo ezindaweni zikawoyela ezingafinyeleleki kancane. Futhi ubuchwepheshe bokunciphisa ingcindezi kanye nomjovo okhulayo bunomphumela othile wokufuduka kwamafutha.

Isetshenziswa ekubuyiseleni uwoyela wezinga eliphezulu

Uma kuqhathaniswa nosawoti ovamile we-single chain quaternary ammonium, i-ejenti yekhemikhali esebenza kahle yokususa uwoyela i-Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Salt inomsebenzi ongcono wendawo kanye nokugxilisa kancane kwe-micelle ebalulekile. Ingakha ama-micell e-linear aguquguqukayo futhi ibambene ukuze yakhe isakhiwo senethiwekhi ezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu. I-viscosity yesixazululo yanda kakhulu futhi inezici zokunciphisa i-shear. Izakhiwo zayo ezikhethekile ze-rheological zingashintsha ngokuphumelelayo isilinganiso sokugeleza kwamanzi kawoyela, sandise ivolumu ethintekile, futhi sithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokufuduka kwamafutha. Ukujova uhlelo lwesixazululo oluqukethe usawoti onjalo we-quaternary ammonium ekwakhiweni akukwazi nje ukunciphisa kakhulu ukungezwani phakathi kwamafutha namanzi (kufika ku-10-3 mN/m), shintsha izakhiwo ze-rheological kanye ne-emulsifying kawoyela, kodwa futhi kuthuthukise ukumanzisa kwendawo yokubunjwa (ukwenzeka kokumanzisa ukuhlehla), ukunciphisa uwoyela ukuguquguquka, ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwekhono lokunamathela; Ingase futhi yakhe ama-emulsion amanzi kawoyela azinzile, okwenza ukugeleza nokukhipha kube lula.

Uketshezi okonga amandla kanye ne-ejenti yokunciphisa ukudonsa

Ngokukhula komnotho womhlaba, isintu sibhekene nenkinga yezamandla ekhulayo. Indlela yokunciphisa ukumelana nokushayisana kokugeleza ngesikhathi sokuthutha uketshezi lwamapayipi amabanga amade nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla eziteshini zokumpompa kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokulondoloza amandla nokunciphisa ukudonsa.

Ukwengeza izinciphisi zokudonsa amakhemikhali eziwuketshezi kunganciphisa kakhulu ukumelana nenqubo yokugeleza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwepompo okuphansi, into eyaziwa ngokuthi umphumela we-Toms. Izinciphisi zokudonsa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu njengamanje ama-polymer nama-surfactants. Ama-polymers athambekele ekuphukeni kweketango ngaphansi kokugunda kwemishini kwamaphampu, okwenza buthaka ukusebenza kwawo kokunciphisa ukudonsa futhi awafanele amasistimu avaliwe. Ama-micelles e-surfactant anezinto zokuzihlanganisa futhi angakwazi ukuphinde abuyele esakhiweni esigundiwe ngemva kokugunda ngesivinini esikhulu. Ziyakwazi ukubuyisela emuva okuhle futhi zilungele kokubili amasistimu okuthutha uketshezi lwama-cyclic kanye ne-non-cyclic. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-surfactants endabuko, ama-surfactants e-Gemini anomsebenzi ongaphezulu wendawo kanye nezakhiwo zokuzihlanganisa, futhi anevelu enkulu yohlelo lokusebenza kumasistimu okunciphisa ukudonsa uketshezi.

Isicelo emkhakheni we-metal corrosion inhibition

I-Metal corrosion ingashintsha izakhiwo zemishini kanye ne-physicochemical yezinto zensimbi, okubangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni nasezindaweni zokuhlala. I-Gemini quaternary ammonium surfactants kasawoti ibonisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ekumelaneni nokugqwala kwensimbi uma kuqhathaniswa nosawoti we-quaternary ammonium ovamile weketango elilodwa, anekhono eliphezulu nezici ezingenabo ubuthi. Ingenza ifilimu eliminyene le-adsorption ebusweni bezinsimbi ngokusebenzisa ukukhanga okuqinile kwe-electrostatic kweqembu layo elikabili le-N-terminal, yehlise ngokuphawulekayo ukuziphatha kokugqwala kwezinsimbi emithonjeni yamakhemikhali. Njengamanje, inohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza emkhakheni wamakhemikhali e-petrochemicals, ezokuthutha, insimbi, nemishini.

Indlela yokuvimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi ngama-surfactants: Indawo yensimbi ngokuvamile ithwala amashaji angemahle. Ama-Gemini quaternary ammonium salt surfactants ancibilika emanzini futhi ahlukane abe ama-cations ngamashaji amabili. I-Gemini quaternary ammonium surfactant ions ifakwa endaweni yensimbi ngokukhangwa yi-electrostatic, futhi amaqembu e-hydrophobic angakha ifilimu eliminyene le-hydrophobic endaweni yensimbi, engakwazi ukuhlukanisa kahle amanzi noma ezinye izinto ezimelana nokugqwala ukuthi zingathintani nensimbi, ngaleyo ndlela azuze ukuvimbela ukubola kwensimbi okusebenzayo.

 

Isicelo embonini yokuphrinta yendwangu kanye nokudaya

Ingasetshenziswa njengomgqugquzeli wokunciphisa i-alkali kanye ne-cationic dyeing retarder yezindwangu ze-polyester

Usawoti we-Gemini quaternary ammonium unomthelela omkhulu wokukhuthaza ekwelashweni kokunciphisa i-alkali kwezindwangu ze-polyester. Ukulahlekelwa amandla kwezindwangu eziphathwayo kuncane kakhulu, futhi ukudonsa, ukuphefumula, nokugcinwa komswakama wezindwangu kungathuthukiswa ngokuphumelelayo. I-crystallinity kanye nezinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi lemicu ephathwa ngodayi be-cationic iphansi, futhi ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwemicu kukhululekile, okuholela ekukhangiseni okusheshayo. Usawoti we-Gemini quaternary ammonium ongezwe kudayi kuqala ungena ngaphakathi kwefayibha bese ubopha nge-anion ye-sulfonic acid. Ngemuva kokuthi udayi we-cationic ungenile, uyashintshwa, ngaleyo ndlela wehlise izinga lokukhangisa udayi futhi uzuze umphumela wokudaya kancane. Wang Rongxiang et al. ifake ama-twin quaternary ammonium salts (uhlobo lwe-mnm) kuma-accelerator endwangu ye-polyester yokunciphisa i-alkali, futhi yathola ukuthi lolu hlobo lwama-twin quaternary ammonium salts lunomphumela obalulekile wokukhuthaza ekwelashweni kokunciphisa i-alkali kwezindwangu ze-polyester. Ngemuva kokuqeda, ukusebenza kwendwangu kuhle, futhi ukusebenza kungcono kakhulu kunosawoti we-quaternary ammonium we-quaternary wendabuko.

Ingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa amachashazi okuphrinta inayiloni

Inayiloni ijwayele ukukhiqiza i-pitting ngaphezulu ngesikhathi sokuphrinta udayi we-asidi, obonakala njengokuhlanganiswa kwendawo endaweni yendwangu. Ngokungeza usawoti ofanelekile we-dicot quaternary ammonium, odayi be-anionic kanye nosawoti we-dicot quaternary ammonium bakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi yendawo endaweni yendwangu, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi odayi bahambe ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuphrinta senqubo yokuphakamisa noma yokomisa, nokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwamachashazi endwangu. Ukusebenzisana okuzinzile phakathi kukasawoti we-Gemini quaternary ammonium kanye nodayi abane-acidic kunenzuzo ekwehliseni ukukhiqizwa kwamachashazi aphrintiwe. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydroxyl equkethe usawoti we-quaternary ammonium uhlanganiswe nezinye izithasiselo kungaqeda umgodi obangelwa udayi ngesikhathi sokuphrinta inayiloni.

Ubuchwepheshe bosawoti obuphansi ohlelweni lokudaya izindwangu zekotini nelineni

Ukusetshenziswa kwenani elikhulu likasawoti wezinto ezingaphili ohlelweni lokudaya izindwangu zikakotini kubangela ubunzima obukhulu ekuhlanzeni amanzi angcolile, futhi ukudaya okungenayo usawoti okungenayo/usawoti ophansi/okunye okuhlukile kwe-alkali sekuphenduke indawo yocwaningo. Ngokushintsha imicu kakotini ngenani elincane likasawoti we-quaternary ammonium bese usebenzisa odayi abasebenzayo ukuze kubambezeleke ukudaya, inani likasawoti we-inorganic lingancishiswa kakhulu, okuzuzisa ukwehlisa izindleko, ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kukasawoti emvelweni, kanye nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. UJia Lihua et al. wasebenzisa usawoti we-ester we-quaternary ammonium njengezithako zokudaya izindwangu zelineni ngodayi abasebenzayo. Izinga lokuthatha udayi kanye nezinga lokulungisa le-M-3RE ephuzi esebenzayo lifinyelele ngaphezu kwama-85%. Ukusebenza kokudaya kwezindwangu zelineni ezilashwe ngalolu hlobo lukasawoti we-quaternary ammonium kwakuphakeme kunosawoti we-quaternary ammonium salt CTAB, ngokunyuka okucishe kube ngu-10% kusilinganiso sombala kanye nezinga lokulungisa, ngokulandelana.