Imikhiqizo yethu eyinhloko: I-Amino Alicone, i-Block Silicone, i-Hydrophilic Silicone, yonke i-silicone emulser, i-carbon 6, i-carbor 6) I-Indonesia, Uzbekistan, njll

 

Enqubweni yokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, uthuli kanye nokungcola okunjengama-polymers, ukukhwehlela, uwoyela nothuli, isilinganiso, i-sediment nemikhiqizo elonakalisayo kungenzeka ngemishini namapayipi. Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemishini, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanza imishini yamakhemikhali.

Ukuhlanza imishini yamakhemikhali kufaka izinhlobo ezimbili: ukuhlanzwa kwe-inthanethi nokuhlanza okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.

 

Ukuhlanzwa Kwe-Intanethi

Sebenzisa umbhoshongo opholile ohlelweni lwamanzi olujikelezayo njengebhokisi le-dosing ukwengeza amakhemikhali ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwemvelo.

Izinzuzo: Imishini ayidingi ukuvalwa phansi futhi ayithinti ukukhiqizwa okujwayelekile nokusetshenziswa.

Ububi: Umphumela wokuhlanza awumuhle kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nokuhlanza okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Isikhathi eside sokuhlanza kanye nezingozi ezibalulekile zokugqwala kwemishini.

 

Ukugeza okungekho emgqeni

Kubhekiswa kwinqubo yokuhlakaza izakhi ezizohlanzwa emishini noma emapayipini futhi zizithutha kwenye indawo (okuhlobene nendawo yokuqala yezakhi) zokuhlanza

Ukuhlanza okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kungahlukaniswa kube ukuhlanza umzimba nokuhlanza amakhemikhali.

Ukuhlanzwa ngokomzimba: Sebenzisa amanzi aphezulu agijimayo ukuze ahlanze imishini. Imishini yokuhlanza ingcindezi ephezulu iyadingeka.

Ukuhlanza amakhemikhali: Thatha i-Extranger yokushisa ngokuhlukile bese uxhuma i-inlet kanye nokuphuma kwamapayipi okujikeleza kwamanzi ajikeleze emotweni yokuhlanza ukujikeleza. Ukuhlanza amakhemikhali kunezimpawu ezilandelayo:

Izinzuzo: Imithamo eyehlisiwe yemithi kanye nomphumela omuhle wokuhlanza.

Okubi: Imishini ehambisanayo iyadingeka, njengokuhlanza izimoto noma amathangi amanzi, amaphampu aphezulu, imininingwane ehlukahlukene yokuxhuma ama-valve, imishini yokuxhuma, njll.

 

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlanza amakhemikhali: ukugeza i-acid kanye nokugeza i-alkali.

U-Alkali wajogi: ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukususa izinto eziphilayo, ama-microorganisms, amabala kawoyela nezinye izinamathiselo ngaphakathi kwemishini, njengokugqwala inhibitors esetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwemishini. Ukuwasha kwe-Alkaline nakho kungadlala indima ekukhuliseni, ukukhululeka, ukugcizelela, nokuhlakazeka usawoti we-inorganic. Ama-ejenti wokuhlanza ajwayelekile afaka i-sodium hydroxide, i-sodium carbonate, i-trisodium phosphate, njll.

Ukugeza i-acid: ikakhulukazi ukususa ukubekwa usawoti we-inorganic, njengama-carbonates, ama-sulfates, izikali ze-silica, njll. Ama-ejenti ajwayelekile wokuhlanza afaka ama-organic acid, i-sulfuric acid, ne-hydrofluoric acid. Ama-organic acid afana ne-citric acid ne-amino sulfonic acid.

 

Kungani kuhlanzekile kwemishini yamakhemikhali?
1.Isidingo sokuhlanza ngaphambi kokushayela

Ukuhlanza amakhemikhali ngaphambi kokushayela kubalulekile ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi uvikele umthelela wokungcola ekukhiqizweni. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba kusetshenziswe imishini emisha yamakhemikhali, kufanele ihlanzwe ngaphambi kokuqala.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza amakhemikhali ifaka izinto eziningi zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali zamakhemikhali futhi idinga ukusetshenziswa kwama-catalysts. Izidingo zokuhlanza izinto ezithile ezingavuthiwe nama-catalysts ziphezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunezidingo eziphakeme zokuhlanzeka kwemishini namapayipi ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Noma yikuphi ukungcola kungadala ubuthi be-catalyst, ukuphendula uhlangothi, futhi kulimaze yonke inqubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini ethile nezinye izinsimbi kudivayisi zinezidingo eziphezulu zokunemba noma zizwela kakhulu emiphumeleni ebhubhisayo yokungcola. Ngakho-ke, noma yikuphi ukungenelela kokungcola kwemishini kungenzeka kakhulu ukulimaza ikhwalithi yezinto ezinembile futhi kuthinte ukukhiqizwa okujwayelekile.

2. Isidingo sokuhlanza ngemuva kokuqala umsebenzi

Imishini yamakhemikhali, lapho isetshenziselwa isikhathi eside, ingakhiqiza uthuli olufana nama-polymers, ukukhwehlela, uwoyela kanye nokungcola, imikhiqizo yamanzi, kanye nemikhiqizo elonakalisayo, okuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwemishini yamakhemikhali. Ukuhlanza okufika ngesikhathi kwemishini yamakhemikhali kunganweba impilo yayo yenkonzo, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle, kuqinisekise ukuphepha, futhi kunciphise ukulahleka komnotho.

Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe ngaphambi kokushayela noma ngemuva kokusebenzisa isikhathi esithile, imishini kufanele ihlanzwe, okuwumsebenzi obalulekile wokulungisa nsuku zonke.

 

Yiziphi izinqubo zokuhlanza zemishini yamakhemikhali?

Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlanza imishini

Ngaphambi kokuhlanza, izakhi zemishini noma kudivayisi ethambekele ekugcekeni nasekulimazeni kusuka kusixazululo sokuhlanza, njengokulawula ama-valves namamitha okuchofoza, kanye ne-Valve Core eyodwa kufanele isuswe. Kanye nezinyathelo ezinjengokungeza amapayipi amafushane wesikhashana, ama-bypaspas, noma amapuleti angaboni kufanele kuthathwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akukho ukuvuza noma ukulimala kwezinye izingxenye ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, futhi ukuhlukanisa imishini ehlanziwe emishini engahlanzekile namapayipi.

 

Izinqubo Zokuhlanza Nemibandela Yenqubo

1. Ukuhlanza indlela

Ngokwesimo esithile semishini, ukucwaswa komjikelezo ophanga noma ukuhlanza okufafaza kungasetshenziswa.

Lapho usebenzisa ukuhlanza komjikelezo odlula, indawo ephansi ephezulu, inqubo yokubuya ye-ammonia ingamukelwa.

Lapho usebenzisa ukuhlanza isifutho, inqubo ye-liquip liquid inlet kanye nephuzu eliphansi le-RefLux lingamukelwa.

2.Inqubo yokuhlanza kanye nezinga lokuhlanza amakhemikhali ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi ukutholwa kokuvuza kwamanzi okutholwayo (ukugcwala kwamanzi), ukucwilisa amanzi), ukucwilisa amanzi, ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukuhanjiswa, ukuhanjiswa, ukuphumelela, kanye nokwelashwa kwamabhulukwe.

Okulandelayo kunikeza izincazelo zenqubo ngayinye.

Inhloso yokutholwa kokuvuza kwamanzi amanzi (ukugcwala kwamanzi) ukubheka isimo sokuvuza kwezinhlelo zesikhashana, futhi ususe uthuli, i-sediment, i-metal axel oxides, i-welding slag, nezinye izisulu ezikhululekile futhi ezisuswa kalula ohlelweni.

Inhloso yokuhlanza okuhlanza ukususa amabala kawoyela anjengamafutha omshini, amafutha we-graphite, amageyimu kawoyela, namafutha okugqwala avela ohlelweni ukuqinisekisa ngisho nokugeza i-acid.

Inhloso yokuwasha amanzi ngemuva kokukhipha ukugwema ukususa ama-alkaline asele anhlangano asebeni ohlelweni futhi asuse ukungcola okuthile ebusweni. Susa into.

Inhloso yokuwasha i-acid ukususa izinto ezincibilikayo ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwe-acid ne-metal oxides.

Inhloso yokuvuna ngamanzi ngemuva kokugeza amanzi ngemuva kokususa isisombululo sokuwasha acijile se-acid kanye nezinhlayiya eziqinile eziye zavela ohlelweni lokuthola ukwelashwa okuvuthayo nokwethula.

Inhloso yokwehla ukusebenzisa i-ammonium citrate ukuze usebenzise i-ammonium clelate ngama-iron wensimbi asele ohlelweni bese ususa ukugqwala okuntantayo okwenziwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokuvusa amanzi, ukunciphisa i-Iron Iron Ion Offentration ohlelweni nasekuqinisekiseni umphumela wokuphambukisa olandelayo.

Inhloso yokungathathi hlangothi kanye nenqubo yokuhamba kabusha ukususa isisombululo se-acid esasele, ngenkathi ukuphumelela ukuvikela indawo yensimbi esesimweni esisebenzayo ngemuva kokugeza i-aciding kusuka ku-axidizing kanye nokukhiqiza ukugqwala okuntantayo kwesibili.

 

Ukuhlanza Ngemuva kokuqala komsebenzi

Imishini yamakhemikhali ebisebenza iminyaka engu-1-2 noma ngaphezulu inamathela ku-Iron Oxide Scale noma insimbi equkethe isikali. Isikali seCopper siqukethe i-Copper oxide (CUO), i-Basic Copper Carbonate [CU2 (OH) 2CO3], ne-Metallic Copper.

Isikali sokugqwala ngokuvamile singasuswa ngokugeza i-acid. Indlela nezinyathelo zokugeza i-acid ngokuyisisekelo njengendlela yokuhlanza imishini ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi.

Lapho okuqukethwe yithusi ekungcoleni kuphezulu, akunakususwa ngokugeza i-acid kuphela. Kuyadingeka ukususa ingxenye yethusi namanzi ammonia ngaphambi kokugeza i-acid.

Isikali se-Copper neCopper oxide kwesinye isikhathi sakha okunamathiselwe okuhlanganisiwe nge-iron oxides, okunzima ukukuhlanza futhi kufanele kuhlanzwe ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwezinamathiselo ezifakiwe.

 

Ungayihlanza kanjani i-Exchanger yokushisa?

Ukuhlanza kwabashisi bokushisa kuvame ukuhlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili: ukuhlanza imishini nokuhlanza amakhemikhali.

 

Ukuhlanza Imishini

Indlela yokuhlanza yemishini ithembele ekuhambeni koketshezi noma isenzo semishini ukuhlinzeka ngamandla amakhulu kune-adhesion Force of Tildion, okwenza ukungcola kube yindawo yokushintshana ngokushisa.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezindlela zokuhlanza imishini: Enye indlela yokuhlanza eqinile, njengokuhlanza amanzi okuhlanza, ukuhlanza ama-space, ukuhlanza i-sandblasting, i-scraper draper, njll. Olunye uhlobo ukuhlanza okuthambile kwemishini, njengokuhlanza nge-wire kanye nokuhlanza ibhola lenjoloba. Ngezansi kunezinhlobo eziningana zezindlela:

Ukuhlanza okufafaza kuyindlela esolayo esebenzisa ukufafaza kwamanzi okucindezela okukhulu noma umthelela wemishini. Lapho usebenzisa le ndlela, ingcindezi yamanzi ngokuvamile ingu-20 ~ 50MPA. Manje kukhona nezingcindezi eziphakeme ze-50-70MPA zisetshenziswa.

Ukuhlanza okufafaza, okufanayo ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni ukuze ufafaze ukuhlanza, kuyithuluzi elikhipha umusi ku-tube nezinhlangothi zegobolondo zokushisa okushisa ngokushisa ngokushisa nomthelela.

Ukuhlanza iSandblasting kuyinqubo yokusebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe (300-350kpa) ngesibhamu sokufafaza ukukhiqiza i-velocity eqinile yesihlabathi esingu-3-5mm), esisusa ukungcola kwe-turencle

I-Scraper noma i-Drill bit iyasala, lo mshini wokuhlanza ulungele kuphela ukuhlanza ukungcola ngaphakathi kwamapayipi noma amasilinda. Faka i-scraper esolayo noma i-birch kancane phezulu kwe-shaft eguquguqukayo, futhi ujikeleze i-scraper noma i-drill bit ngomoya ocindezelwe noma ngogesi (futhi usebenzisa amanzi noma umusi).

Ukuhlanzwa kwebhola lenjoloba kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ihlanzekile yokuqhuma. Isihlanza sokuqhuma okudutshulwa sakhiwa ngebhola lesiponji kanye nesibhamu sokufafaza uketshezi esidonsa ibhola ngaphakathi kwepayipi ukuze lihlanzwe. Ibhola libunjiwe njengegobolondo futhi likhishwe esitebhisini esinzima se-foam polyurethane, esinwebeka.

 

Ukuhlanza amakhemikhali

Indlela yokuhlanza amakhemikhali ifaka ukwengeza ama-descaling agents, ama-acid, ama-enzyme, njll. Kuya ku-fluid ukunciphisa ukunamathela phakathi kokungcola kanye nokushisa ukushisa komhlaba, okwenza kube yi-peel off ebusweni bokushisa ukushisa.

Izindlela zamanje zokuhlanza amakhemikhali ezisetshenzisiwe yilezi:

Indlela yokujikeleza: sebenzisa ipompo ukuphoqa isixazululo sokuhlanza ukujikeleza ukuhlanza.

Indlela yokucwilisa: Gcwalisa imishini ngesisombululo sokuhlanza bese uyivumela ime isikhathi esithile.

Indlela yokuhlinzwa: Gcwalisa imishini ngesisombululo sokuhlanza, khipha ingxenye yesisombululo sokuhlanza kusuka ezansi ngezikhathi ezithile, bese ufaka kabusha uketshezi olukhishwe kwimishini ukufeza inhloso yokuvusa nokuhlanza.

 

Ungayihlanza kanjani i-kettle yokuphendula?

Kunezindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokuhlanza imikhumbi yokuphendula: ukuhlanzwa kwemishini, ukuhlanza amakhemikhali, nokuhlanza ngesandla.

 

Ukuhlanza Imishini

Ukuhlanza okwenziwe ngomshini: Kusetshenziswa idivaysi yokuhlanza ingcindezi ephezulu, ukugeleza kwamanzi okucindezela kakhulu kusetshenziselwa ukukhipha ama-nozzle, ukwephula isikali esinzima odongeni olungaphakathi lwesikebhe sokuphendula, khona-ke bese uwususa.

Umgomo wokuhlanza amanzi aphezulu we-jet ukucindezela amanzi ekucindezelweni okuphezulu, bese uyikhipha nge-nozzle efakwe ku-robot yokuhlanza efakwe ekhelini. Ingcindezi ingaguqulwa ibe amandla e-kinetic wokugeleza kwamanzi, okungathinta udoti odongeni ukufezekisa imiphumela yokuhlanza nokususa imiphumela.
Ukuhlanza amakhemikhali

Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukwazi ukwakheka kwesampula yesikali ngaphakathi kwemishini yokuphendula, mhlawumbe ngokusebenzisa isampula nokuhlaziywa. Ngemuva kokuthola ukwakheka kokungcola, izivivinyo zenze kuqala, khetha ama-ejenti wokuhlanza, bese uqinisekisa ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ukuthi ngeke bakwenze ukugcwala ngensimbi yemishini. Ngemuva kwalokho, kusungulwe idivaysi yesikhashana yokujikeleza kwesiza ukujikeleza isixazululo sokuhlanza ngaphakathi kwemishini bese ugeza ukungcola.

Okokuqala, hlambulula i-blade yokuxuba nodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-kettle ngenani elifanele lamanzi, bese uwakhipha ngokuphelele.

Hlikihla umkhumbi wokuphendula nge-solvent ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi elicindezelwe.

Uma umphumela wokuhlanza ungatholakali, engeza inani elifanele le-solvent kwi-kettle yokuphendula, ukufudumeza, ukuvuse futhi kuboniswe kuze kube yilapho izidingo zokuhlanza zihlangatshezwa, bese zidedela i-solvent.

Ekugcineni, hlambulula udonga olungaphakathi lwesikebhe sokuphendula ngenani elithile le-solvent futhi ulikhiphe.

Ukungena ngesandla ku-kettle kanye nokuhlanza ngesandla

Izindleko eziphansi yinzuzo yayo enkulu kunazo zonke, kepha kudinga amahora amaningi umoya omncane kanye nokushintshaniswa komoya ngaphambi kokungena kwi-reactor. Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, okuhlushwa umoya-mpilo ngaphakathi komhlathi kufanele kubhekwe ngaso sonke isikhathi, okubeka engcupheni yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo; Ngasikhathi sinye, ukucasuka kwezandla akuphelanga nje kuphela ukuhlanza ngokuphelele, kodwa futhi kubangela amamaki ashelelayo odongeni olungaphakathi lwesikebhe sokuphendula, esiholela ekunikezelweni okuqhubekayo kwezinsalela. Ukuhlanza i-kettle nakho kungadala izingqinamba zenhlanzeko ngomkhiqizo. Ngokuvamile, kuthatha cishe isigamu sosuku kuya kosuku ukuhlanza i-kettle.

Ngayinye yalezi zindlela ezintathu zinezinzuzo zako nokubi:

Ukuhlanza okwenziwe ngomshini akukona imishini futhi kungahlanza ngempumelelo isikali esinzima, kepha kuthatha isikhathi eside futhi kudinga ukuqina okuphezulu;

Ukuhlanza amakhemikhali kudinga ukunakekelwa okuncane, kunesikhathi esifushane sokuhlanza, futhi kuhlanze ngokuphelele, kepha kungadala imishini yokulungisa;

Ukungena ngesandla i-kettle yokuhlanza kubiza kakhulu, kepha kuthwala izinga eliphakeme lengozi futhi alikwazi ukuhlanzwa ngokuphelele.

Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanza amakhemikhali kusetshenziswa ezimweni zokusebenza lapho ukungcola kuthambile futhi mncane, ngenkathi ukuhlanza imishini kusetshenziswa ezimweni zokusebenza lapho ukungcola kunzima futhi kunzima.